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RTC All Over Again
March 27, 2009

In September 2008, the Shadow predicted that a Resolution Trust Corp. (RTC)-type of entity would emerge to deal with the ill conceived, badly documented and unaffordable mortgages that are on the books of financial institutions. That day has arrived under Tim Geithner and the Obama Administration and has the potential, just as in the late 1980s and early 1990s, to generate enormous profits for entities that have the intestinal fortitude and work ethic to sift through the rubble to find properties that have value.

The plan is intended to work something like this: A bank will auction a pool of mortgage assets to the highest private sector bidder, for which the FDIC will provide leverage directly to the buyer on a six to one debt-to-equity basis. So if a bidder wins a $100 million asset pool for say $84 million, the FDIC will provide guarantees of $72 million. Of the remaining $12 million of equity, the investor will provide $6 million and the U.S. Treasury will provide the balance of $6 million. Let us assume that the actual value of the assets after disposition is $50 million and that the total profit on the transaction is $2 million, which goes evenly to the equity holders. The investor made $1 million on a $6 million investment, or 16.7% return on capital. The assets are now off the banks’ books (making them stronger institutions) who actually sold $50 million worth of assets for $84 million (they gained $34 million), and the investor and the Treasury has turned a profit of $2 million. Who loses $36 million? The FDIC of course, who blindly will extend loans on assets worth perhaps far less than the debt used to acquire them.

A friend of mine always recites a quote from Ronald Reagan during meetings when discussing mortgaged backed securities and it goes something like this: “What are the most feared words in America? ‘Hello, I’m from the Federal Government and I’m here to help.’” The point is well taken: if the government gets involved in any process that is normally handled by the private sector, you know that it will get screwed up somehow. No one seems to be accountable for any programs or behavior since it can be categorized as “the government.” How about using riot control tactics and singling out individuals. (“Mr. Geithner, you will be evaluated on this program” and perhaps have his pay tied to the success of the program.)

Will this program of $1.2 trillion take enough of the impaired assets out of the mortgage marketplace to get the economy back on track and restore confidence with investors and consumers? Time will tell but it seems the government does not end up following through on a program before it becomes distracted and turns to some other issue. Experience tells us that fixing the underlying cause of a problem will alleviate the symptoms and not the other way around. As painful or as inequitable or as much of a boondoggle that this new program may turn out to be, it is at least an attempt to correct the problem. I am hoping against hope that the phrase “Hello, I’m from the Federal Government and I’m here to help” will take on new, positive meaning.

The views expressed in this column do not necessarily reflect the views of Channel Capital Group. Inc.

  
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7 Comments
if the assets are sold bought at 84mm, are sold for 50mm, how does that produce a profit?
POSTED BY j. gould at 3/30/2009 8:52:46 AM

I have the same question where does the $2mil. profit come from.
POSTED BY m. fisk at 3/30/2009 3:20:41 PM

If you assume on average that half of the pools are worthless and half are worth their face value (on average a pool is worth 50%), and if you buy 100 $1 million pools, you will lose half of your investment on the worthless 50 pools (or $3 million). The other half you can sell for $50 million (remember these pools are worth face value). On this second half of the transaction, you also only put up $3 million, your cost is $42 million (half of the $84 million you paid for all the pools), so you generated a $2 million profit total ($1 million for the investor since the Treasury put up half of the equity) [$50m value - $42m cost - $6m invested = $2million profit/2 = $1 million profit]. You invested a total of $6million and made a return of $1million, so you made 16.67% return on your money.

The beauty is that the FDIC takes all the loss on the bad pools (and looses all its money) but only gets its money back on the good pools (asymmetrical risk for them, they do not have any upside as the equity holders do).

That is good for the investor, but bad for those who providing leverage on bad loans, just like a bank. So you can see in this analysis that the FDIC lost $36 million ($34 million lose on the sale ($84 million - $50 million which the bank gained by selling assets worth $50 million for $84 million) plus $2 million to the equity holders.
POSTED BY The Shadow at 4/1/2009 9:27:10 AM

Sorry, but in reading your analysis, the math is convoluted. Assuming someone is willing to pay 84% of stated pool "value" (which is highly unlikely) your numbers don't make sense. There is a $72 million gov't loan guarantee and $12 million of equity. The pool is resold for $50 million. There is $12 of equity returned, leaving $38 million for dispersal. Who determines how the $38 million balance is shared? Why do the investors get a $2 million profit? Further, the return scenario assumes this all happening within one year. Should this take longer, those IRR's would be reduced and no equity we represent is looking for single digit returns. I think we need clarity on the deal structure.
POSTED BY Gary Levine at 4/1/2009 11:39:42 AM

"if the government gets involved in any process that is normally handled by the private sector, you know that it will get screwed up somehow. No one seems to be accountable for any programs or behavior since it can be categorized as "the government." Do you read your own work? We are in such a mess precisely because the private sector made such a mess and no one is accountable and now the feds are castigated on every action as they try to fix it. Reagan is the poster boy for deregulation and bears the blame for much of what has happened. Let's get the facts right!
POSTED BY Silvia at 4/1/2009 1:07:57 PM

the govt/taxpayer is going to be a huge loser in this. This is not similar to the RTC. The RTC took over the entire bank -- assets and liabilities. So The RTC could offset some of the losses on sales of liabilities with the gains on assets...very skewed risk profile.
POSTED BY Lois Leonhardi at 4/2/2009 4:21:08 PM

Is not the gain or loss calculated pool by pool? On the 50 losers bought for $42 M, the equity holders lose 1/2 their $12 M and FDIC is out $36 M. On the 50 sold at par, profit is $8 M or $4 M each, for a net gain of $1 M each. On this hypo, the Shadow is right (if not clear).
POSTED BY ken at 4/3/2009 8:59:24 PM
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